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A biophysical and socio-economic examination of the use of shelterbelts for swine odor mitigation

机译:使用防护林带缓解猪臭味的生物物理和社会经济研究

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摘要

The use of shelterbelts (trees and shrubs) arranged in strategic designs near and within swine facilities potentially can play a significant incremental role in bio-physically mitigating odor in a socio-economically responsible way thereby reducing social conflict from odor nuisance. Shelterbelts of modest heights (i.e. 20--30 ft) may be ideal for plume interception, disruption, and dilution. Based on available evidence, there are five primary ways that shelterbelts can mitigate livestock odors: (1) Physical interception and capture of odor laden dust by trees/shrubs; (2) Dilution of gas concentrations of odor into the lower atmosphere; (3) Ground deposition of odor laden dust due to reduced wind speeds; (4) Providing a biological sink for the chemical constituents of odor after interception; and (5) Enhancing the aesthetics of pork production sites and rural landscapes.;Calculated costs for shelterbelt establishment and maintenance over a twenty-year period for four model pork-finishing farms when considering a \u22seedling price scenario\u22 (0.50 tree/shrub) are below producer willingness to pay (WTP) for odor mitigation detailed by the USDA. Some \u22high priced scenarios\u22 (\u26ap;9.59 tree/shrub) exceeded the WTP for producers of certain sizes. Yet, when cost-share programs (e.g. EQIP and CRP) are factored in, the total amortized costs are lowered below all WTP thresholds. Some of the results show positive cost margins (as much as 0.33--0.59 per pig produced of extra costs to spare) to suggest room for shelterbelts to be part of a \u22suite of odor management technology\u22.;A series of focus groups examined the notion that environmental quality may be marketed by way of producing and labeling as such, \u22environmentally friendly\u22 pork. The analysis also examines pork producer and consumer interest in the use of shelterbelts as an environmental quality enhancing technology. Pork producers and consumers alike expressed skepticism about the marketability of \u22odor reduction\u22, suggesting such attributes may better be bundled with other credence type attributes (i.e. animal welfare, locally grown). If consumer\u27s pay for environmental protection by way of a premium for pork products produced with more pollution control then the \u22traceability\u22 to the producer must be transparent. Producers must benefit directly from such premiums.
机译:在猪场附近和猪场内以战略性设计布置的防护林带(树木和灌木)可能以社会经济负责的方式在生物物理缓解气味中发挥重要的增量作用,从而减少因气味扰民引起的社会冲突。高度适中(即20--30英尺)的防护林可能是烟羽的拦截,破坏和稀释的理想之选。根据现有证据,防护林带可以通过以下五种主要方法减轻牲畜的气味:(1)物理拦截和捕获树木/灌木丛中充满异味的灰尘; (2)将气味中的气体浓度稀释到低层大气中; (3)由于风速降低而在地面上沉积了散发异味的灰尘; (四)为拦截后气味的化学成分提供生物汇; (5)增强猪肉生产地点和乡村景观的美感;考虑到“种苗价格”情景\ 0.52树木/灌木,计算了四个模型养猪场在20年内建立和维护防护林带的成本。 )低于美国农业部详细说明的生产商为缓解气味而支付的费用(WTP)。对于某些规模的生产商,某些高价方案(9.59树/灌木)超出了WTP。但是,如果将成本分摊计划(例如EQIP和CRP)考虑在内,则总摊销成本会降低到所有WTP阈值以下。一些结果显示出正的成本边际(每头猪最多可产生0.33--0.59的额外成本,以节省额外的费用),这表明遮蔽带应成为气味管理技术套件的一部分。一系列焦点小组审查了可以通过生产和标记“环保猪肉”来销售环境质量的观念。该分析还考察了猪肉生产者和消费者对于使用防护林带作为提高环境质量的技术的兴趣。猪肉生产者和消费者都对减少气味的可销售性表示怀疑,表明这种属性最好与其他信任类型属性(即动物福利,本地种植)捆绑在一起。如果消费者通过对猪肉进行更多的污染控制来为环境保护支付高价,那么对生产者的可追溯性必须是透明的。生产者必须直接从这种溢价中受益。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tyndall, John Charles;

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  • 年度 2003
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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 en
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